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State and explain the law of demand with its assumptions and exceptions.

LAW OF Demand

Meaning: -The Law of demand establishes the functional relationship between the Price of a commodity and the quantity of that commodity demanded at different prices, assuming other factors remaining constant.

When the price of a commodity rises, demand for it falls and when the price of the commodity falls, demand rises. So less quantity is demanded at higher prices and more quantity is demanded at lower prices. There exist inverse relationship between price and quantity demanded of a commodity.

Definition: -According to Marshall the law of demand, is defined asOther things being equal, the quantity of a commodity demanded varies inversely with its price.”

Symbolically, the Law of demand can be expressed as follows:

Dx = f (Px)
Where, D = stands for the demand for commodity X
        X stands for the commodity demanded
        F stands for function of
        Px stands for the price of the commodity X


           We can explain this law with the help of a schedule and a diagram.

Price (Rs.)
Quantity Demanded
1
2
3
4
5
50
40
30
20
10
          
The Schedule shows that with an increase in Price the quantity demanded is decreasing. It indicates inverse relationship between the two variables price and quantity demanded. When the price is Re. 1 the consumer demand 50 units and when the price rises to Rs. 5 he demands the least that is 10 units.



In the above diagram X-axis represents quantity demanded and Y-axis represents price. Various points from the schedule are plotted on the graph, joint those points we will be getting demand curve. DD is the demand curve which slopes downward from left to right indicating inverse relationship between price and Quantity demanded. This happens when the price is more, demand is less and when price is less, and demand is more.

Assumptions to the law of DEMAND


1.      No change in income level of the consumer:if the law of demand is to operate, consumers’ income remain constant. If there is rise in income, people may demand more at higher prices.

2.      No change in Consumer Taste, Preference and habit: -It is assumed that consumers’ habits, preferences, attitudes etc. remain unchanged. In other words, there is no change in consumers’ choice for the product.

3.      No change in prices of substitute goods: -A change in the price of substitutes will affect the demand for the commodity. If the price of substitutes fall much more the price of the commodity, people may not demand more of that commodity even at lower prices.

4.      No introduction of any substitutes: -it is also assumed that there is no introduction of any new substitutes in the market.

5.      No anticipation of price change in future: -It is also assumed that people do not anticipate any further change in the price in the near future. If people expect a further rise in price, they may demand more even the existing high price. Similarly, if people expect a further fall in price, they may not buy more even at the existing low price.

6.      No change in Size, sex and age composition of the population: -It is assumed that the size and composition of the population remain unchanged. After all, it is the population of a country that constitute the total market demand for a product. So any change in the size and composition of population of a country affect the total market demand for a product.


7.      No change in the taxation policy of the government: - Government policies on direct and indirect taxes have great impact on demand for various goods and services. Therefore, it is assumed that there is no change in government policy on taxation.

Exception to the law of demand


1.      Giffen goods or inferior goods-Giffen Paradox: -Inferior goods are those goods whose demand does not rise even if their price falls. At times, the demand decrease, when the price of such gods falls. Sir Robert Giffen discovered this behaviour in England in relation to inferior goods such as bread. Therefore inferior goods are named after Giffen and they called ‘Giffen Goods’.

2.      Prestige Goods: There are certain goods and services, which represent ‘Status’ of ‘Prestige’ for the people. Demand for these commodities is more when the price is more.

3.      Anticipation of changes in price: -If people anticipate a further rise in price, they may buy more at the existing higher price. Likewise, if people anticipating a further fall in price, they will not buy more even at the existing lower prices. They will wait for the price to fall further.

4. Price Illusion: -There is a belief among the people that the higher is the price, the better is the product and accordingly the greater is the demand for such goods.


5.      Changes in fashion: The law of demand may not work, if there is change in fashion. For example, if a product goes out of fashion and its price falls down, people will not buy more of it even at very low prices.

6.      Promotional activates: - Promotional activities such as advertising and salesmanship undertaken by seller can make the people buy more even at high prices.

7.      Changes in quality: if there is a change in the quality of the product, the law of demand may not apply. For instance, if there is improvement in quality of the product, some people my demand more even at higher price.

Kids Worksheets

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English 

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Learn to Write

Fill In Missing Letters

Circle the Letters

Cursive Writing – Small Letters

Alphabet Practice

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Beginning Blends

Tracing

Missing Letter

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Trace the Path

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Unscramble

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Center Signs

Word Search

Mother's Day

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Alphabet Fun Shapes

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Trace 100 Sight Words

Write the First Letter of Given Picture

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Circle the Cursive Letter Worksheets

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Match the Picture with Cursive Letter

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Circle two pictures that begin with same letter sound (Cursive)

CVC Worksheets Letter ‘a’

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CVC Worksheets Letter ‘i’

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Look and write with vowels a, e, i, o, u

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Letters A to G Upper and Lower Case Tracing Worksheet

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Beginning Sounds. Kindergarten Worksheet

Cursive Writing Small Letters.

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Nursery Rhymes


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Princess Activities

Earth Day Activities

Witches and Wizards Activities

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White Magic Story

Sunshine and Reeva in China

The Little Red Hen

The Sun,Moon and Wind

The Arab and the Camel

The Tortoise and the Hare

The Lion and the Mouse

Goldilocks and the Three Bears

The Three Little Pigs

The Princess and the Pea

The Shepherd Boy and the Wolf

Rapunzel

The Goose and the Golden Eggs

The North Wind and the Sun

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The Country Maid and her Milk Pail

Goodnight Moon

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The Boy Who Cried Wolf

Cinderella

Two Cats and Clever Monkey

The Lion and the Rabbit

The Lion and the Mouse


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Trace Numbers 1 to 10

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Adding Fun

Number Identification

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Numbers 1-5

I Spy Counting

Comparing

Count and Match

Missing Numbers

Before,Between and After

Classroom Numbers

Measuring Things

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Additional Worksheet.

Additional Worksheet

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Subtraction

Ten Frame Cards

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Counting Backwards

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Same, Less, More

Counting

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Count and Match Worksheets

Count and Circle Worksheets

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What Comes After & Between

Write Missing Numbers

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Backward counting

Trace the numbers 1-10

Multiplication Sheet practice for Children

Counting practice from 1 to 100 Worksheet

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Hindi Alphabets. (Vanjan)

Colours name in Hindi | रंगों के नाम

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U (ु) - U ki Matra | उ (ु) की मात्रा

O (ू ) – OO ki Matra | ऊ (ू) की मात्रा

E ( े) - E ki Matra | ए ( े ) की मात्रा

AI (ै) - AI ki Matra | ऐ (ै)की मात्रा

o ( ो) - o ki Matra | ओ (ो) की मात्रा

ou ( ौ) - ou ki Matra | औ ( ौ) की मात्रा


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Animal Sounds

50 Mazes

Preschool Assessment

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People at Work

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Good Or Bad

Things That Go Together

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This document provides a ton of educational resources for kids. Here's a breakdown:

Subjects: English, Literature, Math, Science, Geography, Hindi, and General Knowledge.


English: Handwriting, alphabet tracing, CVC words, vocabulary.

Literature: Nursery rhymes, limericks, stories, reading passages.


Math: Number tracing, counting, addition, subtraction, shapes.

Science: Activity plans and worksheets.


Geography: Weather, calendar.


Hindi: Alphabet (Swar and Vyanjan), tracing, vocabulary (colors, fruits, vegetables).


General Knowledge: Animal sounds, mazes, social skills, feelings.

Other Fun Stuff: Coloring pages, puzzles, mazes, flash cards, and more!


Basically, it's a one-stop-shop for parents and teachers looking for engaging and educational materials for their kids.


This document is a treasure trove of worksheets and educational resources for kids!


It covers all sorts of subjects: English, Hindi, Math, Science, General Knowledge, and even Geography.


You'll find everything from handwriting practice to alphabet tracing, CVC words, vocabulary builders, and more.


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If you're looking for stories, there are nursery rhymes, limericks, and reading passages to enjoy.


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Key Points - Worksheets for Kids

Subjects: English, Literature, Math, Science, Geography, Hindi, General Knowledge.

English:

Handwriting practice

Alphabet tracing

CVC words

Vocabulary building

Literature:

Nursery rhymes

Limericks

Stories

Reading passages.

Math:

Number tracing

Counting exercises

Addition and subtraction worksheets

Shape recognition.

Science:

Activity plans

Worksheets

Geography:

Weather

Calendar.

Hindi:

Alphabet practice (Swar and Vyanjan)

Tracing worksheets.

Vocabulary (colors, fruits, vegetables).

General Knowledge:

Animal sounds

Mazes

Social skills

Feelings.

Fun Activities:

Coloring pages

Puzzles

Mazes

Flashcards.

Remember: This is a super helpful resource for parents and teachers to find fun and educational materials for kids! Everything is organized and easy to print. Happy learning!


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