Question 10.
Answer the following question in your own words.
Explain the meaning of vaccination.
Answer:
Vaccination is a process of administering vaccine to the body to acquire either permanent or temporary immunity against a specific pathogen or disease. Traditionally vaccines were prepared with the help of partially killed pathogens against which vaccine is prepared. With this vaccine there were chances of having the disease in case of some persons. Hence, as an alternative, scientists tried to artificially produce vaccines with the help of biotechnology, safer vaccines are being produced. In this vaccine proteins which act as antigen are injected in pure form instead of injecting the killed or semi-killed pathogens. These proteins keep the persons away from the diseases by keeping the immune system active. Thus, injecting the antigens is safest way in vaccination. Vaccines produced with the help of biotechnology are more thermo-stable and remain active for longer duration. For example Vaccines of polio and hepatitis.
