Planning and Controlling
Solution:
Points | Planning | Controlling |
1. Meaning | Planning is deciding in advance what to do how to do it, when to do it and who is to do it. | Controlling is the process of taking steps to bring actual results and desired results closer together. |
2. Objective | To set goals and choosing the means to achieve these goals. | To ensure that the objectives are achieved according to the plan. |
3. Area of function | It includes setting objectives by identifying the ways of attaining the goal and selecting the best plan. | It includes setting up of standards, measurement, and comparison with actual performance and taking corrective steps whenever necessary. |
4. Factors | Internal and External factors are considered in the planning process. | Internal and external factors are taken into account for taking corrective action. |
5. Order | It is the basic first function of the management process. | It is an end function of the management process. |
6. Resources | Planning is done as per the requirement and availability of resources. | It is related to all organizational resources which help to achieve goal of organization. |
7. Nature | It is continuous in nature. It exists in the whole life of organization. | It is the process that starts once the actual plan is executed. |
8. level of Management | Top management is concerned with planning the activities. | Top and middle-level management are responsible for controlling the activities. |
