SSC Geography Model Set 2021-2022 (English Medium) 10th Standard Board Exam Question Paper Solution.

Academic Year: 2019-2020

Date: March 2020

Marks: 40

1) All the activities/questions are compulsory.

2) Figures to the right indicate full marks.

3) Use of stencil is allowed for drawing map

4) Draw neat diagrams and sketches wherever necessary

5) Answers should be written in Black and Blue ink only.

6) Use of pencil/colour pencil is allowed for diagrams, sketches and map work.

7) Answers written in pencils will not be considered.

Identify the correct correlation and make a chain.

A	B	C
1) Ganga river	i) Pau Brasil	a) trees shed their leaves
2) Amazon river	ii) sediments deposit	b) there are islands at its mouth
3) Brazil	iii) Teak trees	c) country named after it
4) Deciduous forests	iv) no sediments	d) distributaries at the at the mouth

SOLUTION

1) Ganga river	ii) sediments deposit at its mouth	d) distributaries at the mouth
2) Amazon river	iv) sediments do not deposit at its mouth	b) there are islands at its mouth
3) Brazil	i) Pau Brasil	c) country named after it
4) Deciduous forests	iii) Teak trees	a) trees shed their leaves

Identify the odd man out.

With reference to India

OPTIONS

Mangrove forests

Mediterranean forests

Thorny bush-type vegetation

equatorial forests

Identify the wrong pair.

Mountain ranges and peaks

a) Karakoram- K2

b) Guyana Highlands – Pico de Neblina

c) Mahadeo Ranges – Kalsubai

d) Eastern Ghats – Mahendragiri

SOLUTION

Mountain ranges and peaks

c) Mahadeo Ranges – Kalsubai

Forests and trees.

i) Evergreen Forests Mahogany

ii) Deciduous forests – Teak

iii) Thorny and bushy forests- khejri

iv) Coastal forests (mangroves) – Rubber

Forests and trees

iv) Coastal forests (mangroves) – Rubber

Find the odd man out :

Members of BRICS :

OPTIONS

Brazil

India

China

Saudi Arabia

Identify the correct option with the help of given statement (Attempt Any Four)

Which State has the least urbanization in Brazil?

Least urbanized state in Brazil is _________.

OPTIONS

Para

Amapa

Espirito Santo

Parana

SOLUTION 1

Para

Urbanisation refers to the movement of people and human settlements from the rural areas to the urban areas. Brazil is one of the highly urbanised developing countries. But it is restricted to the south and southeastern parts. Para is mostly to the central part of Brazil covered by dense forests having hotter climate and poor transportation facilities. Thus, urbanisation will be limited.

SOLUTION 2

Least urbanized state in Brazil is Para.

Concentrated settlements are found in Narmada Valley

OPTIONS

Forested Land

Cultivable Land

Undulating topography

industries

SOLUTION

Cultivable Land

Concentrated/clustered/nucleated settlements are those in which the habitation regions are closed together and clustered. It is found mostly in the cultivable areas of the Narmada Valley, Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, and the Vindhyan plateau.

It is famous as Marusthali .

a) Highlands

b) Thar desert

c) Pantanal

d) Delta region

SOLUTION

b) Thar desert

The leaves of the trees are broad and green

a) Evergreen forests

b) Deciduous forests

c) Thorny forests

d) Himalayan forests

SOLUTION

a) Evergreen forests

In India, the rivers here are short in length but are more swift.

a) Western Ghats

b) Eastern Ghats

c) Plains

d) Rann of Kachchh

SOLUTION

a) Western Ghats

Fill the following in the given outline map and also prepare an index.

i) A state with high density in southern India

ii) The western coast

iii) Region with low rainfall in India

iv) The evergreen forest region in north-eastern India

v) Hot desert

vi) State with one-horned rhinos

SOLUTION

B) Read the following graph and answer the questions :

i) In which country is the contribution of the tertiary sector higher ?

ii) In India, most people are engaged in which occupational sector?

iii) Which country has only 10% of the population engaged in the primary sector?

iv) How much does the tertiary sector contribute to the national income of India?

v) Which sector contributes the least to the Brazilian national income?

vi) What is the percentage of people engaged in the secondary sector in Brazil?

SOLUTION

Read the following graph and answer the questions :

i) Answer - Brazil

ii) Answer - Primary

iii) Answer - Brazil

iv) Answer - 57%

v) Answer - Primary

vi) Answer - 19%

Attempt Any Two

Write geographical reason

There are no west-flowing rivers in Brazil.

West flowing rivers are not found in Brazil.

SOLUTION

Even a cursory look at the map will make one realise that there is North Atlantic and South Atlantic Ocean to the northern and eastern coasts of Brazil respectively.

Southern Brazil is occupied by an extensive plateau. The height (altitude) decreases gradually to its north. A number of rivers take off from the terminal portion of the highlands and flow northwards to meet the Atlantic Ocean. The only major river, Sao Francisco flows towards the north for a distance and then takes a sharp eastward turn to enter the coastal strip along the Atlantic Ocean.

Moreover, Amazon , which is the longest river in Brazil, originates from the eastern slopes of the Andes Mountains in Peru, flows eastward and meet North Atlantic ocean.

Likewise, Parana, Paraguay and Uruguay originate from southern slopes of the Highlands and flow through the south-western part of Brazil. Therefore, there are no west-flowing rivers in Brazil.

Explain the importance of the Himalayas and the Indian Ocean with respect to the climate of India.

SOLUTION 1

Importance of Himalayas:

The Himalayas act as a barrier protecting the great Plains of India from the cold winds of Central Asia during the severe winter season.

The Himalayas are the reason for summer rains and monsoon type of climate in the regions that are beyond the Western ghats of India.

Himalaya is responsible for the origin of perennial rivers which bring a lot of silt making the northern plains very fertile.

Importance of the Indian ocean:
The Indian Ocean is one of the greatest oceans that brings more moisture that is accountable for very moderate climatic conditions in South India. The role of the Himalayas on Indian agriculture and climate is that it not only increases the fertility level of soil but also causes rainfall.

SOLUTION 2

The Indian Ocean and the Himalayas play a major role in affecting the monsoon and climate of India.

The Himalayas protect India from bitterly cold winds that blow from the north. Thus, India does not experience severe cold during winter.

At the beginning of summer, the temperature on the mainland increases. So, a low-pressure belt develops in the Punjab plains and the Thar desert of Rajasthan.

At the same time, the high-pressure belt is developed over the Indian Ocean. iv. Therefore, the moisture-laden winds coming from the south-west start blowing from the high-pressure area to the low-pressure area. These are south-west monsoon winds.

India receives rainfall from the south-west monsoon winds. Due to the obstruction of the Western Ghats on the west, the western coast receives maximum rainfall from the south-west monsoon winds. It is approximately 400 to 500 cm.

In the leeward side of the hills, the rainfall reduces. These winds blow parallel to the Aravalis. As they are not high to check the winds, parts of Rajasthan and Gujarat receive less rainfall.

Later, these winds move towards the Himalayas and Orographic type of rainfall occurs due to the natural obstruction of the Himalayas.

During winter, the temperature on the Indian subcontinent is lesser than the temperature on the Indian Oceans. Hence, winds start blowing from the north-east. These are dry winds but as they move towards the Indian Ocean, they retain moisture. These north-east monsoon winds bring rainfall to the eastern coast as well as some parts of the Peninsula.

In this way, the Himalayas and the Indian Ocean play a very important role with respect to the climate of India.

Brazil is known as the ‘ coffee pot of the world ‘

SOLUTION

Points - since 150 years Brazil Is the leading coffee producer

- introduced by the Portuguese

- favourable climate, suitable soil, vast area of land

available for fazendas

The evergreen rain forests in Brazil are rightly called in ‘Lungs of the world’.

SOLUTION

Evergreen forests are found in the regions where there is heavy rainfall throughout the year.

Due to the evergreen rainforests in Brazil, a large amount of oxygen is released in the environment.

This reduces the carbon dioxide levels in the environment.
Therefore, Evergreen rainforests in Brazil are called the ‘lungs of the world’.

Fill the following in the given outline map and also prepare an index.

i) West Bengal

ii) Tropic of Cancer

iii) Karaikal

iv) Delhi

v) Indira Point

vi) Himachal Pradesh

SOLUTION

Fill the following in the given outline map and also prepare an

index.

Draw a line graph from this table. Examine the graph carefully and answer the following questions.

Brazil percentage of urban population (1960 - 2010)

1960	1970	1980	1990	2000	2010
47.1	56.8	66	74.6	81.5	84.6

1) What is the interval of the data?

2) In which period did urbanisation occur rapidly?

3) Write five sentences analysing the graph.

SOLUTION

The data depicts the urban population of Brazil between 1960 and 2010. The interval represents the time span between the data collected. Thus the interval of data is 10 years.

Urbanisation refers to the movement of people and human settlements from the rural areas to the urban areas. Employment opportunities, higher standard of living, better facilities and infrastructure force people to migrate from rural areas to urban areas. Rapid urbanisation occurred between 1960 and 1970. It was around a 9.7% increase.

Urbanisation refers to the movement of people and human settlements from the rural areas to the urban areas. Rapid urbanisation is taking place in India because of the rapid increase in its population. Because of the increase in its population, people require more land and other resources. Thus villages have given way to the formation of cities and have contributed to the migration of people from rural res to urban areas. Other factors like employment opportunities, a higher standard of living, better facilities and infrastructure also force people to migrate from rural areas to urban areas. Between these years, Brazil is experiencing increasing urbanisation. In 2010, Brazil had 84.6% of people living in urban areas.

Answer in detail (Attempt Any Two)

The imperial power which ruled Brazil also ruled a part of India. Find out when that part of India achieved independence?

SOLUTION

Brazil was ruled by the imperial power of the Kingdom of Portugal. On 22nd April in 1500, the Portuguese naval fleet arrived on the shores of Brazil. Colonization began officially, in 1534 when King John III divided Brazil into 15 parts. He appointed a Governor to control the entire colony in 1549. Brazil became independent from the Portuguese on 7th September 1822.

India gained independence from British rule on 15th August 1947, but some parts of India were still suffering from colonial rule. One of these parts was Goa, which was still under Portuguese control. Goa gained independence from Portugal on December 19th, in 1961. The fight for the freedom of Goa began on June 18th, 1946 when Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia defied the ban on public meetings which was imposed by the Portuguese government. This launched the first civil disobedience movement which inspired others to fight for freedom of Goa.

Compare the climates of Brazil and India.

SOLUTION

Because of the vast latitudinal extent of Brazil, it experiences a wide range of climatic variations in climate. For example, near the equator, it is hot while the temperate type of climate is found near the Tropic of Capricorn.

The average temperature in the Amazon valley is 25 ° - 28° C. The climate is cooler in the Highlands. Because of the proximity to the sea, the coasts experience mild and humid climate.

India's climate is 'monsoon' type. The sunrays are perpendicular up to the Tropic of Cancer, which passes through the middle of the country.

As a result, average temperatures are higher throughout the year. Also, temperatures increase towards the south. In winters, the temperatures drop to - 40° Celsius in Jammu and Kashmir and parts of mountainous regions of Himalayas.

The diversity in climatic conditions of India is due to the latitudinal location and altitude of the place.

The Indian Ocean and the Himalayan ranges exert a great influence on the climate of India and the origin of Monsoons.