Chapter 2: Branches of Psychology
Complete the following statements.
The branches of Psychology which explore into relationships among different variables and human behaviour are known as ______ Psychology.
OPTIONS
Theoretical
Applied
Common
The study of human behaviour at work place is the concern of ______ Psychology.
OPTIONS
Social
Industrial
Experimental
One can study the problems of adolescence in ______.
OPTIONS
Developmental
Social
Cognitive
______ Psychology is concerned with diagnosis and treatment of psychological disorders.
OPTIONS
Counselling
Cognitive
Clinical
Identify the odd item from the following.
OPTIONS
Experimental Psychology
Social Psychology
Industrial Psychology
Cognitive Psychology
SOLUTION
Industrial Psychology: it is a subfield of applied psychology.
OPTIONS
Clinical psychology
Industrial Psychology
Sports Psychology
Abnormal Psychology
SOLUTION
Abnormal Psychology: It is a subfield of theoretical psychology.
Match the following pairs.
SOLUTION
Compare and contrast
Theoretical and Applied branches of psychology.
SOLUTION
Theoretical branches of Psychology focus mainly on conducting research, developing principles, formulating theories and establishing laws to explain human behaviour. Psychology, as a theoretical science includes many areas of specialization. The knowledge and principles generated through research in Theoretical Psychology are used to develop techniques to solve practical problems and to help individuals to adjust to real-life situations.(Applied psychology)
Theoretical Psychology focuses on the goals of description, explanation and prediction of behaviour as it is concerned with collecting of knowledge and establishing principles. It reflects that Psychology is social science, concerned with the study of behaviour and mental processes. Applied branches of Psychology focus on the fourth goal of psychology i.e., control or influence or modification of behaviour. It has made use of research in Theoretical Psychology to bring about better adjustment of people.
All psychologists have contribution in the welfare of human beings for e.g., research from Social Psychology, Abnormal Psychology, Developmental Psychology (theoretical branches) is used by Clinical Psychology, Counselling Psychology, Health Psychology, Community Psychology, etc. (applied branches).
Abnormal psychology and Clinical Psychology
SOLUTION
Abnormal Psychology is the branch of Theoretical Psychology that aims to study the causes of any behaviour that deviates from what is considered as 'normal' or 'acceptable' behaviour. It studies unusual patterns of thinking, feeling and acting for e.g., depression, phobias, mood disorders, mental retardation, schizophrenia, etc.
Clinical Psychology is concerned with the study, diagnosis and treatment of serious emotional, psychological and behavioural disorders such as delinquency, depression, drug addiction, etc.
Clinical psychologists do not have medical training. They collect detailed information about a client using techniques like psychological tests, interviews, case study, etc. They use psycho therapeutic methods to help the client to deal with the problem. They work in hospitals, health centers, etc.
The knowledge obtained from Abnormal Psychology viz. clinical description, (symptoms) causes, consequences of behaviours that deviate from normal is used by Clinical Psychology (applied field) in the study, diagnosis, treatment and rehabilitation of individuals having psychological disorders. Like phobias, depression, etc.
Write Short Notes
Clinical Psychology
SOLUTION
Clinical Psychology is concerned with the study, diagnosis and treatment of serious emotional, psychological and behavioural disorders such as delinquency, depression, drug addiction, etc. Clinical psychologists do not have medical training. They collect detailed information about a client using techniques like psychological tests, interviews, case study, etc. They use psycho therapeutic methods to help the client to deal with the problem. They work in hospitals, health centres, etc. It is the largest subfield of psychology.
Cognitive Psychology
SOLUTION
The term 'cognition' means knowledge or understanding. Cognitive Psychology investigates aspects of cognition (higher mental processes) such as thinking reasoning, memory, decision making, perception, language development, etc. It studies human information processes.
Developmental psychology
SOLUTION
Developmental Psychology studies changes in behaviour over the lifespan i.e., from conception till death. It is the scientific study of how and why inter-individual and intra-individual changes occur over the course of life. Developmental Psychology studies changes across dimensions like physical- motor development, cognitive development and social-emotional development. Some developmental psychologists restrict their study to a specific period of life such as childhood, old age, etc.
Industrial Psychology
SOLUTION
Industrial Psychology is concerned with the behaviour of persons working in organizations in areas like motivational level, group morale, teamwork, leadership, training and supervision, conflict resolution, etc. It aims to improve communication, decision-making and stress management on the job leading to increased employee satisfaction and efficiency. Industrial Psychology includes personnel selection, Organisational Psychology, Ergonomics and Consumer Psychology.
Suggest appropriate branch of psychology related to the following situations
A husband and wife do not understand each other so they keep fighting.
SOLUTION
Marital Counselling (Counselling Psychology).
My friend’s father lost his job and he is in depression.
SOLUTION
Clinical Psychology.
A 5th standard student is unable to concentrate.
SOLUTION
Counselling Psychology (School Psychology).
I want to study the process of thinking and learning.
SOLUTION
Cognitive Psychology.
I want proper information about attitude, prejudice or conflicts in a group.
SOLUTION
Social Psychology.
Answer the following questions in detail.
Explain any five theoretical branches of Psychology.
SOLUTION
Theoretical Psychology focuses mainly on conducting research, developing principles, formulating theories and establishing laws to explain human behaviour. Psychology as a theoretical science includes many areas of specialization.
Theoretical Psychology
Developmental Psychology
Social Psychology
Cognitive Psychology
Experimental Psychology
Abnormal Psychology
Developmental Psychology - It studies changes in behaviour over the lifespan i.e., from conception till death. It is the scientific study of how and why inter-individual and intra-individual changes occur over the course of life. Developmental Psychology studies changes across dimensions like physical motor- development, cognitive development and social - emotional development. Some developmental psychologists restrict their study to a specific period of life such as childhood (child psychology), old age (geriatric psychology), etc.
Social Psychology - It is the scientific study of how an individual's behaviour is affected by others. It is the study of people as members of groups, involving interpersonal relationships and interactions. Social psychology is a study of group structure, processes and functioning; issues such as cooperation, competition, group conflicts, empathy, leadership, attitudes, etc.
Cognitive Psychology - The term 'cognition' means knowledge or understanding. Cognitive Psychology investigates aspects of cognition (higher mental processes) such as thinking reasoning, memory, decision-making, perception, language development, etc. It studies human information processing.
Experimental Psychology - The aim of Experimental Psychology is to conduct laboratory experiments to understand the fundamental causes of behaviour. It deals with topics such as sensation, perception, reasoning, emotional reactivity, learning and memory, etc.
Abnormal Psychology - It is the branch of Psychology that aims to study the causes of any behaviour that deviates from what is considered as 'normal' or 'acceptable behaviour'. It studies unusual patterns of thinking, feeling and acting for e.g., depression, phobias, mood disorders, mental retardation, schizophrenia, etc.
Describe any five applied branches of Psychology.
SOLUTION
The knowledge and principles generated through theoretical research are used to develop techniques to solve practical problems and to help individuals to adjust to real-life situations. This is Applied Psychology.
Educational Psychology - It is concerned with increasing the efficiency of the teaching - learning process. The main areas of work of an educational psychologist are teacher training, curriculum planning, instruction designing for better classroom environment, etc. They are concerned with preparing intervention programmes for exceptional children, to develop motivation and effective study habits. Educational psychologists are associated with schools colleges, etc. Many psychologists also deal with behavioural issues of students such as learning disorders, ADHD, etc.
Clinical Psychology - It is concerned with the study, diagnosis and treatment of serious emotional, psychological and behavioural disorders such as delinquency, depression, drug addiction, etc. A clinical psychologist does not have medical training. They collect detailed information about a client using techniques like psychological tests, interviews, case study, etc. They use psycho-therapeutic methods to help the client to deal with the problem. They work in hospitals, health centres, etc. It is the largest subfield of psychology.
Counselling Psychology - It is concerned with the study, diagnosis and treatment of less severe emotional, psychological and behavioural problems. It aims at helping normal individuals who have adjustment problems such as in studies, in personal life or at the workplace. Counselling psychologists are involved in vocational and career guidance. The subfields of counselling psychology include -
(i) educational counselling
(ii) career counselling
(iii) personal counselling
(iv) marital counselling, etc. Counselling psychologists make use of psychological tests and psychotherapy.Criminal Psychology - It is concerned with identifying the causes of crime, studying the personality traits of criminals, suggesting preventive measures to control criminal behaviour and implementing plans for criminal rehabilitation. Criminal psychologists work closely with law enforcement agencies, investigative agencies and social organisations.
Industrial Psychology - It is concerned with the behaviour of persons working in organisations in areas like motivational level, group morale, teamwork, leadership, training and supervisions, conflict resolution, etc. It aims to improve communication, decision - making and stress management at the work place leading to increased employee satisfaction and efficiency. It includes personnel selection, Organisational Psychology, ergonomics and consumer psychology.
Write any five career opportunities in Psychology.
SOLUTION
The career opportunities in Psychology are diverse and challenging. They include -
As a counsellor - to work in schools and other educational fields as a school counsellor, to help individuals who have adjustments problems in everyday life e.g., personal counsellor, marriage counsellor, vocational career counsellor.
As a special educator - to work for specially abled persons as such physically handicapped, visually challenged, intellectually deficient persons.
As a child psychologist - to focus on child development and solving problems related to the emotional well-being of children.
As a clinical psychologist - to work in hospitals, health centres, with NGO's, social service agencies, in remand homes, etc.
As a psychologist with the military - to work in the selection of recruits to the Army, Navy, Air force, Paramilitary, improving perseverance, group morale as well as rehabilitation on the job.
Balbharati Solutions for Psychology 11th Standard Maharashtra State Board
The answers for the Balbharati books are the best study material for students. These Balbharati Solutions for Psychology 11th Standard Maharashtra State Board will help students understand the concepts better.
• Chapter 1: Story of Psychology
• Chapter 2: Branches of Psychology
• Chapter 4: Human Development
• Chapter 5: Healthy Me - Normal Me
Balbharati Solutions for Class 11th Standard FYJC Maharashtra.
Organisation of Commerce and Management (OCM)
